Calculating-machine.



E. H. PALMER,

CALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICTION FILED s291227, 1905.

Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

' SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. H. PALMER.

GALGULATING MACHINE.

' APPLIUATION FILED SEPT. 27, 1905. 969,801 Y Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. H. PALMER. GALCULATING MACHINE,

APPLIGATIUN FILED SH12?, 1905,

969,801, Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

E. H. PALMER.

UALGULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2v, 1905.

969,801 Patented Sept. 13,1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

EDWARD H. PALMER, F READING, MASSACHUSETTS.

CALCULAIING-MACHINE.

Specication of Letters Patent. 'Patented Sept. 13, 1910.

Application fled- September 27, 1905. Serial No. 280,307.

To all whom'it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD H. PELMER, of Reading, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented cer* .tain new anduseful Improvements in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is'a' specification.

This invention relates to manually-operated calculating machines andparticu-i larly to mechanism adapted to be connected to any of thewell-known types of typewriting machines and to be operated by thenumber keys of the latter, although the machine lse is adapted to beconstructed for independent use.

The objects are to provide a machine or mechanism capable of readyattachment. to and disengagement from a typewriting machine without anyreconstruction or re-arrangement of the latter, and which is adapted toregister and exhibit the results of the addition or subtraction of aseries of numbers simultaneously with the printing or writing of suchnumbers on a sheet of paper held by the carriage of the typewritingmachine.

Further objects are to secure accuracy in the results; uniformity in theeffort required for indicating or registering each number in thecalculating mechanism regardless of the size or amount of such number,and in the amount of depression of the keys required for this result;simplicity of construction; capability of rapid operation so that thenumbers may be registered and added or subtracted by the mechanism asrapidly as they can be written by the most expert typewriter operator;capability of actual reversal of the number-bearing disks or vwheels sothat subtraction may be directly performed and mistakes automaticallycorrected, and provision for readily disconnecting the calculatingmechanism from the numberkeys without actually relmoving the same fromthe typewritin-g machine, and for automatic disconnection of the same byoperation of the shift key when the upper case letters or symbolsoperated by the same keys as the numbers are written.

Of the accompanying dra.wings,-Figure 1 .represents an embodiment of theinvention as applied toa typewriting machine of the type known as theRemington, No. 7 sufiicient of the typewriting machine being shown toindicate the manner of connecting the calculating mechanism thereto.Fig. 2

c represents a front elevation of the calculating'mechanisni, a portionof the typewriting machine also being shown in section on line 2-2 ofFig. l. Fig. 3 represents a view similar to Fig. l, on an enlargedscale, some of the parts being shown in section, the section being takenon line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig.

3a and Fig; 3b represent respectively a front elevation, and a plan viewof the numbercarrying mechanism. Fig. 4 represents a plan view of aportion of the same. Figs. 5 and 6 represent views showing in elevationdetails of the mechanism. Fig. 7 represents a perspective view of one ofthe connecting pinions which communicate motion from one of the numberdisks to the adjacent lefthand ones. Fig. 8 represents an elevation ofthe left-hand side of one of the number disks. Fig. 9 represents inelevation, two adjacent number disks. Fig. 10 represents an elevation ofthe pawl and ratchet device preventing retraction of the main shaft.Figs. 11, l2 and 13 represent respectively an axial section, andelevations as seen from the front and right of the machine, of one ofthe devicesfor communicating motion to the main shaft proportioned tothe number indicated. Fig. 14 represents a detail view from the left ofFig. Q, showing the upper or auxiliary frame and the connections forrotating the shaft on which all of the number wheels or indicators areloosely mounted.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all thefigures.

This calculating mechanism may be ap plied to any typewriting machine bymaking slight adaptations and modifications in the frame and connectionssuitable for the particular machine fromvthe construction andarrangement here shown, which is particularly adapted to the Remington No. 7, but in any case essentials of the mechanism are the same. In theembodiment here showm'the apparatus comprises main side frame. plates l1 connected together by suitable transverse rods 2 and various shaftshereinafter described, which support parts of t-he mechanism. Thismechanism and frame plates are compactly and securely held together,constituting a separate independent device which may be operatedindependently, and has also capabilities of attachment to the frame ofa. typethe frame plates l are widened and have` writing machine. Thelower portions of forwardly-projecting arms 3, alsoVdownwardly-projectinglugs4 adapted to engage the forward edge of thetable projection 5 of a typewriting machine, and also having lugs 6arranged to project downward at the rear of this table. In the projeetions 6 are =adjustable set-screws 7 adapted 'to be screwed upVagainst the rear of the table 5 to clamp the calculating mechanism tothe machine.`

upon the side plates projections 8 carrying which is adapted to beconnected to one of Athe key levers 13 14 of the type-writing machine.The connection is made by means of links 15 each of which 1s connectedatone end to one of the bell-cranks, while its other end is pivoted to acollar 16 detachably clamped upon one of the key levers. Theupwardly-projecting 'arm of each of the Vbell-cranks has pivoted to it aconnecting `rod 17 which is 4'engaged with a lever 18 pivoted upon atransverse shaft 19, the ends of which -are held in the side plates ofithe frame.

Mounted upon this shaft 19 are springs 2O each of vwhich engages'a pin21 on one of the levers 18, tending to vhold these levers in theposition designated by 18a,

'with one of its arms bearing against a cross rodl 22, but when the keylevers are depressed toy strike a numeral on thev paper vcarried by thetypewriter carriage, the key levers then being m the position occupiedby '13, the bell cranks are turned in lefthand rotation and the levers18 moved in the-opposite direction 'of rotation, carrying theirupperarms to the right. l

Each of the levers-18 carries on its upper lend an inclined guideway orlcam portion 23, containing a. cam groove 24, (Fig' 2) into which.projects a stud 25 having a trundle roll 26 carried by a member 27 havacollar portion 28 embracing the transyerse rod or shaft 29, the ends ofwhich are fixed 'n the sideplates 1 of the frame. This member 27 isprovided with -two rigid arms 30 31, the former of, which carries atwoarmed fork extending into a groove 32 formed in a hub 33 of a. disk34, lwhich has a feather-and-slot connection with a rotatable shaft 35,mounted in bearings in the frame.-

The feather-and-slot connection as is obvious, causes the disk 34 torotate with shaft 35 but permits it to be moved longitudinally upon theshaftV VThe arm 31 car- There are also termed ries a laterally-extendingprojection 36 on -its end and also a pivoted pawl or tooth 37 locatedadjacent the projection 36 but separated therefrom by a small space. AVspring 3S carried by the pivot 39 of the pawl bears against the hub orcollar portion 28vof the member 27 and tends to hold the pawl in theposition shown in Fig. 5.v

The shaft is kept continuouslyrotating by any suitable motor, as anelectric motor, which may be connected with the shaft-in any1 mannerdesired or by a spring, compressed air, cr any other desired means, and

the disks v34 continuously rotate'withthe shaft. Each of the diskscarries one or more pins or studs 40 projecting therefrom laterallytoward the left in Fig; 2.

Pivotally supported upon a fixed shaft 41 above the shaft 35 are arms 42of which there are nine, corresponding in number to each of the otherparts described. The arms 42 carry connected to them gear segments 43 ofvarying sizes which mesh with gear segments 44 mounted on the shaft 45which runs from side to side of the calculating mechanism frame. Thesegments or disks 44 are loose on shaft 45 and each carries a projectingarm 93 (Figs. 12 and 13) to which is pivoted a pawl 92. Beside each ofsaid arms is a ratchet wheel 91 fixed to the shaft, with the teeth ofwhich the pawl 92 engages. A spring 921 is provided for holding the pawlin mesh with the ratchet. llVhen one of the number keys is operatedrotary motion of an amount proportional to the numeral on such key isgiven by the mechanism above described, to the shaft, and

therefrom such motion iscommunicated to the registering and indicatingmechanism located above the same and connected to the frame members.lntegrally formed with the segments 44 are sleeves 441 upon which areexternally mounted split collars 94 adapted to be clamped in anyposition of adjustment by clamping screws 443. Each of these collarscarries a projecting arm or lug 101 adj ustable therewith for a purposehereinafter described. f

The shaft 45 has a single connection by which its motion may becommunicated to each of the numbenbearing wheels or index elements, ofwhich there may be any number desired. This connection .consists of agear 4G (Figs. 1, 42 and 4) splineduponthe shaft 45 so Athat it iscompelled to rotate with the shaft but is free to move thereon, and isadapted to mesh either with a pinion 47 iixedrto a shaft 4S cr with anidler 49 on a stud 50 which meshes with a second gear 5l fixed to thesame shaft as that upon which the gear 47 is mounted. The shaft 48 hasfixed upon it gears 52 of which there ,are as many as there are numberwheels 53 upon the. shaft 54 and of these there may be as.`

many as aredesired, the number being limited only by the size of thetypewriting machine, which'would of course permit more number wheelsthan would be required in ordinary use. In the embodiment of theinvention villustrated there are nine number wheels of which the two atthe right of Figs.4

2 and 4 may be used to designate `hundredths and tenths, or cents, thethird one from the right designating units, the next tens, the nexthundreds, the.l nekt three indicating units, tens and hundreds ofthousands respectively, and the one at the extreme left indicatingmillions. The number wheels are inclosed in a casing or coveringl 55 inwhich 'is formed a slot 56 ot' sutticient width to show one of thenumerals on each disk, this slot serving as' an indicator by which theamountrepresented 'by the amountshowing on the disks may be read.

The shaft 54bearing the number disks and shaft 48 are mounted in anauxiliary frame having side plates 57 58 and suitably connected to themain frame.

Upon the shaftl 4S are pivotally mounted holders 59 (Fig. 3) equal innumber to the disks and gears 52, each ot which has three arms 60 61 62.The arm 61 carries pivoted" to it a pinion 63 constant-ly in mesh withthe gear 52 and mounted in the same plane with |a toothed portion orpinion 64 formed or connected on the right-hand side of one of thenumber disks, each of the number disks being so provided. On itsleft-hand face, each of the number disks except the extreme left-handone, carries two teeth 65 projecting laterally into close proximitytothe next adjacent disk (Figs. 8 and 9). The arms 60 of the holders59lcarry pinions 66 which may be called carrying' wheels, shown indetail in Fig. 7. These pinions have an` even number'` of teeth and eachalternate tooth 67 is formed with less than the Width of the other teeth68. As the-'pinions ap ear in F igs. 4 and 7, the.teeth 67 project omthe left side ofthe hub, the right-hand portions of these teeth beingremoved. The

number of teeth of the pinions is preferably six and they are so' spacedthat two adjacent `teeth of full width may rest upon the periphery ofthe annular shoulder 69 formed at' the left of each of the number disks,while the tooth 67 midway between projects into a space between two ofthe teeth on theportion 64 of the next left-hand disk and extendslaterally into the space between the number wheels and in the path ofmothat when during the operation of addition` tion of teeth These teethare mounted upon the number disks in such ba position the numeral 9, orduring the operation of subtraction, the figure O of any disk isadjacent the` indicator slot, one of the teeth 65 comesinto position toenga'ge that tooth 67 of the small pinion which is in ennext numbercarried by it at the indicator.

The teeth 68 of `full width carried by pinions 66 bearing against. theperiphery of the annular portion 69 prevent the pinion from turningasthe right-'hand'number disk is rotated except when one of the teeth 65engages a tooth 67, when the notch 70 left hetween teeth 65 permits oneof the wide teeth (SS to enter and so allows the pinion to rotate andmove'the number wheel at the left.

At the right of the number wheels ris a smooth-surfaced disk 691 (Figs.2 and 4) located in the same position relatively to the right-hand wheelthat the shoulder 69 of any wheel bears with respect to' the nextadjacent wheel to the left. This disk 'serves tohold two-ot' the wideteeth 66 on the right-hand carrying` wheel whenthat carryingl wheel isin mesh with the right-hand number .wheel and locks the number wheel inthe salne manner as the other number -wheels are locked by theirrespective carry- 'wliee-ls, which are 'also locks for the numberwheels, is an important featureV otl the machine, as 1t avoids thenecesslty of-detents for preventing` overthrow ot' the number wheels,thereby relievingthem ot' friction, and permits all ot' them to beturned at once with so little resistance, and at the same time with soexact a motion, that any number of such wheels may be' used withoutlimit. This is a result not achieved in a practical manner by any othermachine and one which has long been sought by bankinjrhouses and otherconcerns dealin; in large sums.' f

The pinions 66 are carried by the arms 60 so as to engage two adjacentnumber wheels and the distance between these pinions and thepinion '63is .such that when the holder 59 is rotated to bring; either pinion intoengagement with the number disks,

' the other is moved out of engagement therewith. When it is the pinion66 which is moved away from the disks, one of its outer teeth is engagedbetween two transverse pins 7l (Fig. 3) as soon as its` inner toothleaws its engagement with the number wheels to hold it in properposition so that it lnay enter in YViroperengagement with 'the teeth ofthe disks as soon as it is allowed lo move toward them again. A spring72 is mounted upon the rods 7l and bears upon a por:

05 gagement with the toothed portion 6i ot' the tion ot arm 66, tending;normally to retain la? Y the holder with the pinion 66 engaging theAynumber disks vand the inion 63 out of en# gagement therewith. i s theholder pivots upon shaft 48, pinion 63 always remains in mesh with gear52. Mechanism consisting of a shaft 73` carrying adjustable cams 74 islpjrovided for moving the holders at the proper time to bring thepinions. 63 into mesh one at a time with the nu1nber-bear1ng disks. andat the same time to move the corresponding carryingpinions 6G out ofen'- gagement with the number wheels as the carriage is advancedpreparatory. to the ac` tuation of 'the number keys, so that when thecarriage is in position to receive the im.

pression of a figure in its propel' place in a number, the appropriatenumber nLheel will. -be connected up to glve the proper valueto thatfigure in the result being calculated.

'The shaft 73 is' voperated by the typewriter carriage through anadjustable rack 75 (Figs. 2 and 4)4 formed upon a sleeve 76 which ismounted movably ona cross-bar 77 4carried at the rear of the 4typewritercarriage and adapted to be clamped in any po-` sition by a set-screw 78.The rack 1s arranged to mesh with a gear 'segment 79 fon` iscorrespondingly rotated. It will be vobserved that the cams 74 carriedby this shaft are equal in number to the holders 59, and- Athat they arespaced laterally yso that each comes in the plane of 'one of theholdersI and in position to strike a pin 621 on the' holder. rlhey arealso adjusted rotarily in a generally helical-line aboutthe shaft `sothat the projections of no two are in'alinement. The shape of each camis tile same and is clearly shown in Fig. 3. Each cam l is cylindricalthroughout the greater portion of its extent but is formed with a singlecom` paratively abrupt projection; The cams be-v ing arranged on theshaft in the manner I above described, as, the shaft, is rotated, it

is evident that -they will come into engagement successively with thearms 62v of'the holders 59, the left-handfcam coming into contact firstwith the left-hand holder, therebymoving its pinion G3 into engagementwith the disk arranged'toindicate numbers in the millions column. Itwill beobserved that the calculating mechanism is not renderedvoperative until a cam causes one of the number wheels to be thrownintorgearv and that this only takes place when the rack V 75 engages andturns the gear 79. -Conv65 sequently the point on the sheet at whichnumbers to be added or subtracted may be written is determined by thelocation of the rack. Usually as in making out bills, etc., the numbersto be added are written at the rightof the sheet, andthe rack will thenbe placed correspondingly on the right-hand portion ofthe cross-bar, butit maybe desirable to calculate numbers written at the extreme left, andfor this purpose the crossbar is made of suiiici'ent extent that therack may be -set far enough to the. left for the first impression, atthe number l space of the machine, :to be capable of actuating any ofthe numberv wheels. Preferably the cams are arranged so that spaces maybe left ,in the written record between the millions and thousands, thethousands andhundreds and the units or dollarsand tenths or Cents sothat a period may be put in the last space and commas in the otherspaces if desired, so that also the calculating mechanism' will not beoperated while the typewriter car'- riageis passing oversuch spae. Suchan arrangement as that referred t'o is shown in F ig. 3, where the camprojecting to the leftand to which the numeral 74 is applied, is adaptedto actuate the millions disk and between this cam and the`next one belowit and to the left is a space equal to the distance moved by the camprojection while the typewriter carriage Vis moving two spaces. The nextthree cams are adapted to operate the hundred thousands, ten thousands'and thousands disks respectively, and they are spaced at equaldistances apart, this distance corresponding to the amounts moved ateach step of the carriage so that when a number is struck and impressedupon the paper the 'calculating mechanism having beenl thorown into gearby the preceding Afmovement of the carriage, is simultaneously operated.Between the-thousands cam and the hundreds cam is another 'space ofextra 'width'so that after aspace ora comma has 'been made in thewriting, the next actuation of a number key will operate the propernumber-indicating disk, Finally between the-cam for throwing into gearthe units or dollars disk and .those for connecting up the tenths andhundredths, vor cents disks, is left another space for allowing theinsertion of the usual period.

While it is necessary that the spaces between thecam projections shouldbe multiples ofthe distance moved with each step ofthev carriage, the,precise arrangement described is not necessary, since the cams might bearranged with greater spaces after the millions, the thousands and theunits 4than those referred to here, or there might also be left greaterspaces between each two numeralsof the-number. e Between the first cam74l and the last vcam 74 of the series, in rotary arrangementV as seenin Fig.'3, is left a space which comes from right to left as seen in Fi0 2 placesihe pawl 37, which being restored to beneath the line of theengaging pins 621 'when the rack is out of gear with the seg-` ment andthe cam shaft 1s in a position of rest, to the end that there may be noactuation of any number wheel if the number keys are operated while .therack is thus disconnecte It is obvious that variations in the dimensionsand locations'of the rack 75, and also in the number of such racks used,may be made Without departing from the spirit of the invention, and thatmore or fewer number wheels than shown, within the limit of the numberof spaces or steps of the paper carriage travel may be employed.

Again, by omitting one or more of the cams so that certain of thenumberwheels are never connected up and never operated, parallel columns maybe added or subtracted and the results of each separately indicated onthe corresponding independent groups of number wheels. l

The manner 1n Whlch the depression of a number key causes thecalculating mechanism to operate Will now be described z* When a numberkey is depressed, one of the levers 18 is moved in right-handed rotationabout the pivot shaft 19, thereby moving its upper arm andv thecamportion supported thereon from leftto right, as Seen 1n 1 and 3. As thecam portion is inclined g. .4, its movement just described causes themember-27 through the engagement of stud 25 With the Walls of the `cam,to be moved tothe left, sliding on shaft 29. This movement also throughthe medium of arm 30 and the fork formed thereon carries one of thedisks 34 `to the left, bringing it into such posit-ion that as it isrotated one of its pins 40 will strike and move an armf'142. Normallythe arms 42 hang in planesy slightly to the left of the respective disksand members 27, but when the latter are moved to t-he left by actuationof levers 18 as described, the studs 40, are carried into the planes ofthe respective arms 42 as are also the projections 36 and pawls 37,. Theproportions of the parts are such that the studs 40 move the arms 42 farenough so that their laterallyprojecting end portions'85 are carried tothe projections 36, which arrest their further motion While the studsLinslide tangentially off from the ends of the arms. In the movement ofan arm by engagement with one of the pins, a latch projection 86 (Fig.6) car! ried at the lower part of projection 85 dislts previousposition'. by. the spring 38, engages in rear of the latch 86 andprevents i retraction of the arm 42 until the member 27 has been movedto the right into its inoperative position by the elevation of thenumber key, When this movement takes place, pawl 37 is moved'laterallyout of entgagement with latch 86, leaving the arm lfree to be restoredby a spring 87 into normal retracted'position where it bears against atransverse rod 88. When t-he parts 36 37 are in their inoperativeposition out of engagement 4With arm 42, they are located closelyadjacentthe arm so that in being moved into this position they do notrelease their engagement with the latch on the arm until they'havereached almost the limit of their movement *and the number key hasbecome elevated to almost its normal position. This prevents actuationof the calculating mechanism by premature striking of the key a secondtime after itl has once been depressed4 and before it has becomeelevated sutliciently to allow shifting of the carriage a space forpermitting the Writing of a second numeral, and also for connectinganother number Wheel with the operating mechanism by means of the rack.

The number-bearing keys of the typewriter machine are alll depressed anequal and invariable amount Without regard to the number ivritten bythem, and as the arms 42 are all of equal length and identical form,while all of the studs 40 are at the samev distance from the axis ofshaft 35, it follows that the segments on shaft 41 are also rotatedthrough the same amount for each number. AHowever, it is necessary thatthe number Wheels or counters 53 should be turned varying amounts tocorrespond with the size of the number written, that is, a number wheelshould be turned one space 'for the numeral one and so on up to ninespaces when thekey vbearing the numeral 91 is struck. Foraccomplishingthis result, I provide mechanisms for turning the shaft 45greater or less amounts, depending on the key which is struck, thesemechanisms consisting of gear segments of different pitch and radii. Thearm which is moved when the number one key is struck carries a gearsegment of very short radius meshing with one carried by shaft 45 oflong radius so that a comparatively small amount of rotation is given toshaft 45, which motion is communicated to the number wheels through thegearing previously described, while the arm .which is operated when thenumber nine' key is depressed carries a gear segment of greater radius,meshing with one of comparatively small radius on shaft 45, soproportioned that the latter shaft is turned through an angle nine timesas great as that throughwhich it is turned by the number one mechanism.The intermediate number connections are composed of gear segments on theshaft 41 regularly increasing in radius from 1 to 9, and meshing withcoperatin se ments on shaft 45, which are correspon ing yandsuccessively decreased in radial and circumferential extent. It

Will .be understood from the `foregoing that of rotation which isuniform for all, Whatone key on the left.

ever the numbers re resented by them; and that drivers and ollowers arevariously proportioned so that varying amounts of rotation,corresponding to the values of the several numbers, are given to shaftand thence to any one of the number wheels. Thereby the construction maybe made the simplest possible, troublesome adjustments avoided,4 andcertainty of action and accuracy of result secured.

In the Remington typewriting machines, in one type of machine the lowercase letter l is used for the numeral one, while in another form ofmachine a separate number key is provided, but in either case the keywhich is used for Writing l is at the extreme right of the machinerelatively to the other number keys, while the number two key is at theextreme left, theremaini'ng keys being arranged in order up to thenumber nine key, which is adjacent the number In Figs. 3 and '6, thegear segments-43 44 are operated by the number one key, While thesegments 43L 44a are operated by the number nine key and illustrate'theextremes in the proportions of these parts, the other segments being inrear of segments 43a 44a, as seen in Fig.

3, and therefore not appearing in that figure'.

Fig. 6 shows only the mechanisml governed by the number nine key.

Any suitable method and arrangement of gearing may be employed forcausing shaft 45 to be turned vcaact multiples of the amount of rotationgivento.. it through .the number one key, for the subsequent keys, but

I have found the most convenient and effective arrangement to be to havethe segments on shaft' 45- which are operated through the number one andnumber two keys as portions of forty-eight toothed gears, While theother segments are all-portions of gears which if complete wouldeachhave twenty-four teeth, 1although the radii of i these segments andltheir pitches are different. The movement given by studs 40 to each arm42 is such as to move each of the .members on shaft 41 throughone-eighth of a revolution and' gear; 43 1s so proportioned that itmoves segment 44 and sha-ft 45 through one-tw'enty-fourth of arevolution. The other arms and segments move shaft 45 throughsuccessively-,increasing 'twenty- .fourths of a revolution until segment43f;

, when rotated by the-same amount, moves shaft*- 45 through'ninetwenty-fourths of a revolution, thereby producing'at the countersornumber-wheels nine vtin'ies the motion In order'to check the rotationof shaft 45 and prevent it from being carried too farby its momentum, Iprovide a ratchet-Wheel 9G fast on shaft45 and'mounted adjacent to it apaWl 97 fast on a transverse shaft 98 v and normally held out ofengagement with one of the teeth' ofthe ratchet by a spring 99, (seeFig.V 2 and dotted lines in' Figs. -3

and 6). Also'fast to shaft 98 are arms 10() extending Atoward shaft 45and spaced to correspond with the members-44. Each of the latter carriesfanl arm or stud 101 as vpreviously described, projecting outwardlytherefrom in position to engage one of the' arms 100 after :the segmenthas been rotated a 'certain amount.- These projections are arranged atvarying 'angles with a xed line so that they w1lly engage the arms 100 vAnother ratchet-Wheel 1.02 (Fig.v 10) is mounted fast `upon shaft 45having' teeth engaged by a vpaWl 103 ivoted on shaft 98, preventingretraction o -shaft 45, and permitting its rotation' only inthedirection in which it is impelled by theratchets 91 and.

segments`44'.

From the foregoing it will be understood that when any .numberkey isdepressed, shaft 45 is turned through an amount 'proportionate to thenumber indicated by the key and is locked in said position as long asA4the' key remains depressed. Its motion is lthencommunicated'throughugear 46 and Aeither the train 'consisting of gears49 and .51 or the' gear 47 to shaft 48. When gear 46 is jin the positionshown in. Figs.Y 2 and 4, it drives shaft 48 through lidler 49 andpinion 51 in-a forward direction orthat dlrection 1n which successivenumbers are I added by .the Amechanism but when gear 46 is in engagementdirectly with gear 47, it

drives shaft 48. in lthe 'opposite-v direction. Topermitiof suchmotionthegear is slidingly `mounted.oufthe'yshaft 4.5. yand held iny `rotativeengagement ,therewith by a spline '104. It has its hub 105 formed with agroove 106 or other means by which a suitable shifting leverv orconnectlon may be engaged to move it from engagement with one of thegears 47 49 to engagementwith the other.

From shaft 48 movement is com- `municat-ed to the number wheels b y theseing wheel between a disk and-its right-hand neighbor to be. moved outof engagement at the time that any one of the driving pinions G3 isengaged with the disk, the addition may be begun with the extremeleftehand figure of the number to be written, since the particularnumber disk spaced to correspond with this figure (whether it be theleft hand, or million disk, or another) is connected through its pinionG3 with the mechanism operated by the number key by means of theappropriate cam il raising the holder 59, thereby throwing such pinioninto gear with the disk and simultaneously throwing out the vcarryingwheel connecting this disk with the number disks at the right. Therebythis yparticular disk is free to be revolved in either direction withoutaffecting the disks to the right and is consequently virtually the sameas the tiret wheel `in any train of registering wheels. The same is trueof each succeeding wheel to the right as the writing progresses, for thecarriage in its movement from right to left opera-tes the cams and thussuccessvely removes the direct connection of the operating mechanismwith the number wheel at the left last engaged, at the same time movingits carrying-wheel into engagement with it and the disk to the right,and connects the remaining number disks, one atter another, with thedriving mechanism while disconnecting the carrying wheels tor theseveral respective disks. Thus whatever number wheel for the moment isconnected to the operating mechanism is a first wheel, and all those atthe lett` thereotl are connected with it'by the carryii'ig wheels,whereby whenever the number wheel being actuated has brought its nine inaddition, or Zero in subt-raction, opposite the indicator slot, t-heneXtactuation ofthe disk will cause the one at the left to be moved, whilethose at the right will not be disturbed at all, since the carryingWheel connected to them has been moved out of engagement. Thus,successive figures forming part ot' a number may be added by actuatingthe proper number wheel, beginning with one at the lett and operatingsuccessive ones at the right, and the results aiextreme ready indicatedby those at the left will be corrected by the carrying mechanism Whilethe wheels at the right will be unaffected until the last one has beenactuated. As the carrying mechanism previously described operatesequally for movement of a number wheel in either direction,-thismechanism provides for performing the operation of. subtraction as wellas addition. To perform subtraction the gear 4G is simply shifted intoengagement with pinion 47,' whereupon the direction of rotation oi thedisks when en gaged by their appropriatedriving pinion 63 is reversed.The operation thereupon 1s the same as in addition except that thedifterence between two numbers instead of their sum is indicated andonly those wheels at the left ot' any number wheel being actuated arcatiected while those at the right remainv stationary. This alsov enablesthe operator to correctmistakesl for if a wrong numeral has beenaccidentally struck, the

error can be quickly corrected by temporarily shift-ing the gear 46 intoreversing position, ope ating the same key lever to reverse the numberwheel and bring it to its previous position, then erasing the incorrectimpression on the paper and making the correct impressionand addition.This same reversal for subtraction provides for' the quick return of anyor all of the number wheels to zero, when the result indicated by thenumber wheels will be written on the paper sinniltaneously with thereturn. of these wheels to the Zero aiiords a check on the work, for it'the result has notv been correctly written the inaccuracy will beindicated, since.' those wheels .trom

which the result has been copied correctly will be at the zero position,while the ones 105 from which the indication is incorrecttv taken willoccupy some other positionsyiirom which the amount of the error can bereadily determined and easily corrected.

Usually typewriting machines have on the 110 same type-blocks and keyswith the numera| also other symbols which are struck whenl the carriageis displaced by the shift key, and in order that the calculatingmechanism may -not be disturbed when the depressed to permit vthe othersymbols on the number keys to be written, l have provided connectionsattached to the carriage-shaft mechanism for disconnecting thecalculatingl mechanism from the keys. links 17 which communicate motionfrom the bell-cranks ll 1Q to the arms 1S are detachably engaged withthe latter arms by means of notches or open slots 10T, (Fig. 5) each ofwhich is arranged to engage a pin 10S on the -lower end of one ot thearms 18'. As may be seen from Fig. 2, the lower arms of the levers 18are each -formed with a central opening l09 and two side bars 110 1ntowhlch opening and between 130 againY position.' This also 100 shift. keyis To this end the with 1,25

l which bars the ends -of the several links 17' are retainedand guided.Fast-on a shaft 111 at opposite sides of the'fra'me are plates 112,(Fig. 3) each of which supports an end of each of the'cross rods v113114 extending from'side .to-side of the apparatus,the rst bemg above thelinks 17 While the second is beloW them, each being closely adjacent'thereto. The link 411,5 is pivoted to one of the plates 112 and atitsother end connected to .a rocker 116pvoted to the cross bar 10,Whichrocker by means of a link 117 is connected to a'projecting arm 118(Fig. 1)

i shift key is released, spring 122, engaging a projection on link 115moves the latter toward the rear and rotates plates 112 and shaft 111 inthe opposite direction, bringing rod 113 to bear on the upper sides oflinks 17 and causing the latter again to engage the pins 108.l Inorderthat th'elinks may be permanently disconnected by hand if desired, theshaft 111 is extended out through one'side of the frame and is providedwith an external hand-engaging member 124 which may be turned to bringrod 114 into position-vertically above the shaft. A slot 125 in link 117at the point ofconnection of the latter With arm 118 permits suchmovement- Without shifting thetypewriter carriage.

Several of the indicators or number wheels 53 are simultaneouslyshifted, as

when adding any number such as 6 to a number sueltas 99,999 The actionwill result in the shifting of these Wheels so'as to show 100,005 As themovement from one number Wheel to another must -bel through the carryingmeans orV devices (36, there 1s a slight lost motion through saidcarrying devices Which prevents the numer-V als of the WheelsA 53showing 1n perfect; almement. To overcome'this obJe'ction, and

to preserve the alinement of the indicators or number wheels, in spiteof the liability oflost motion due to the carrying devices, 'I providemeans for lrotating the shaft 54 preferably at a speed somewhat greaterthan, andin the same direction as, the movement of the number wheels onsaid shaft When the number Wheels are actuated. Asv

has been explained, no number Wheel is rotated excepting When the shaft48 is actu ated.l A convenient means-for transmitting motion from theshaft 48 to, the' shaft 54 mayl comprise 'pinions 541 and 481 secured onthe shafts 54 and 48 respectively, as indicated -in.Fig.' 14. Anintermediate pinion i 482 connects the pinions 541 andf48l-so that theshaft 54 will be /rotated Whenever the shaft 48 is actuated, and in thesame direc- .tion of rotation as that ofthe shaft 48 and vthat of thenumber Wheels.

As indicated in Fig. 14, the respective sizes of the pinions -541 and481 are such that the shaft 54 will be rotated at a higher speed thanthe shaft- 48. Therefore, Whenever a carrying takes 'place from onenumeral wheel or disk to the next, the shaft 54 is rotated in the samedirection a's the number wheel or Wheels and faster than they so thatinsteadof there vbeing a frictional retarding movement of the numberwheels, such friction as may exist between the number Wheels 'and theshaft 54 Will tend to advance the number Wheels as far as permitted bythe carrying devices.

The number Wheels constitute computing indicators which are movablerelatively to each other upon theshaft 54. The pinions 66 constitute themeans which carry from one'wheel to another, and they also serve aslocks which prevent any movement of a`I` number Wheel beyond the pointtowhich it is intended that ity shall be shifted. In the embodiment of theinvention illustrated, each pinion 6G is mounted'upon an arm 60Y of aholder 59 and when said holder is oscillated, in the manner that hasbeen described, the said' carrying devices and lock GG are shifted sothat the connectionbetween'the two adjacent indicators or number Wheels53 is broken. But for this break of the vconnection it would beimpossible to reverse the movement of the number Wheels or indicatorswhen it is desired to effect' a subtraction in order to correct-anerroneous addition. f From the foregoing itswill be seen that I haveprovided va Calculating machine, including in its construction aplurality of num-I ber-bearing members movable to presentY a numberadjacent an indicator. In the'particular embodiment of theinventionillus- `plurality of manually controlled operating members 27,the manual controlv for said 'members 27 being through theikey leversandthe levers 11, links 17 and levers 18. Each of these members 27 whenoperated as described, causes the registration of a different number bya member or Wheel 53 through the connection described from, the'shaft'35 to the shaft 48. T he shaft`48 constitutes a single drivenmember, since said is carried by an arm 61 'of the holder 59,

constitute connections between the driven member 48 and its gears, andthenumberbearing members 53.

It will also be understood, that, in the embodiment of the inventionillustrated, there is an independent normally inoperative connectionbetween each of the manually controlled members and each ofthe numberwheels, because the connection between each pinion 63 and the toothedportion of the respective number-bearing wheels is ,nor-

mally broken so astobe inoperative for the purpose of transmittingmovement to a number wheel. Therefore, device hereinbefore described isthrown into or out of gear, the normally inoperative connection referredto is -also reversed in it movement when actuated.

I claim 1. A calculating machine having an indicator, a plurality ofnumber-bearing members, movable to present a number adjacent' theindicator, a single driven member, a plurality of manually-operatedmembers controlling the actionofsaid driven member, each adapted foroperation to cause the registration of a different number, and a;plurality of separate connections each connectible with the drivenmember andone of the number-bearing members and movable transversely ofthe driven member to make the connection.

2. A calculating machine having an indicator, a plurality ofnumber-bearing members, movable to present a number adjacent theindicator, an independently-driven member, a pluralityv ofmanually-operated members controlling'the vaction of said driven member,each adapted for operation to cause the registration of a differentnumber, a plurality of separate connections normally out of connectionwith said number-bearing members, each movable transversely of thedriven member to make connection between said-driven member and one ofsaid numberybearing members, and means for 'throwing 1n said connectionssuccessively.

3. A calculating machine having a plurality ofnumber wheels, a pluralityof manually-controlled members, each adapted to be operated to cause theregistration of a different number, a plurality of similar yindependentconnecting members between said manually-controlled members vand eachofthe number wheels movable transversely of the axes of the latter intoand out of operativeconnection, and carrying connections separate fromsaid first connections between of course, controlled as to theirwhen thereversing h -a different number, a single -a plurality of independentnormally inop- Iber wheel at the left against all movement.

4. A calculating machine having a plurality of number wheels, aplurality of manually-controlled members, each adapted to be operated tocause the registration cfa different number, a plurality, of similarindependent, normally inoperative, connections between saidmanually-controlled members and each of the number wheels,

connections between each'jof said number wheels and the .next adyacentwheel, and means for throwing into operative position lthe connectionbetween the manually-controlled lmembers and one of said numberwheelsand simultaneously throwing out the' connection between said wheeland the vwheel at the rightjthereof.

5. A calculating machine having a plurality of number wheels, apluralityof manually-controlled members',each adapted to be operated tocause the registration of driven member,

erative connections engaged with said driven member and adapted to beengaged one with each of the number wheels, a reversing device ad-aptedto be thrown into and out of .gear for changing the direction ofmovement ofsaiddriven member, connections between each of said numberwheels and the next adjacent wheel, and means for throwing intooperative position the connection between the manually-controlledmembers vso and one of said number wheels and simul- 1 taneouslythrowing out the connection between said wheel and the wheel at theright thereof, whereby said number wheel maybe moved in eitherdirection. y6. A calculating machine having a plurality of numberwheels, a plurality of manually-controlled members, each adapted to beoperated to cause the rcgistratioi'i of a different number, a singledriven member, a plurality of independent normally inoperativeconnections engaged with said driven member and adapted to be engagedone with each of the number wheels, connectionsbetween each of saidnumber wheels and the next adjacent wheel, and means for throwing intooperative position one at a time the connections between saidmanually-controlled members and the number wheels and Simultaneouslythrowing out the connection between the number wheel being opera-tivelyconnectedvand the wheel at the right thereof, whereby each of saidwheels may be operated independently. v

A calculating machine having a plurality of number wheels, a pluralityof manually-controlled members, each adapted to be operated to cause theregistration of a Vdifferent number, independent normally in- ILC,`

operative, connections between said manually-controlled members and eachof the number wheels, said connections including amember' adapted. tobethrown into and out of gear for changingthe directionof movement ofsaid wheels, carrying connections between each of said number wheels andthe next adjacentwheel, and means for throwsaidshaft and number wheels,whereby the.

wheels may be operated by rotation of the shaft, said driving .meansbeing normally outl of engagement, connections between -adjacent numberwheels and normallyin engagement therewith, and means arranged to throwinto operative engagement the driving means between the shaft and oneofsaid number fwheels and simultaneously disconnect the connection betweensaid number whe-el and the adjacent wheel at the right thereof. l

'9.- A calculating machine comprising a Series of number wheels, asingle shaft, driving means intermediate said shaft andeacli of saidnumber wheels, whereby the wheels may be operated by rotation of theshaft, said driving means being normally out of engagcn'ient and movableinto and out of engagement perpeiidicularly to the axis of said shaft,connections between adjacent.

number wheels and normally in engagement therewith, and means arrangedto throw into operative engagement the driving means between the shaftand one of said number wheels, the connection between such number wheeland the next adjacent wheel at the right thereof being connected tosaid' driving means in such manner as to be moved out of engagement withthe number wheel while the driving means-is placed in operativeposition.

10. A calculating machine comprising ka series of number wheels, a shaftadjacent said Wheels, means connected to turn said shaft proportionatelyto the amounts of numbers to be indicated, a holder, an intermediatedriving connection carried by said holder adapted to be interposed inengagement with said shaft and one of the number wheels, and a .carryingconnection mounted on said holder adapted to bc engaged with said numberwheel and an adjacent 'number wheel, said holder andV connections beingar- 8; A calculating machine comprising a' se-.

eeaeoi ranged to throw one connection out vof env c Agagement withalnumber wheel when the other is engaged therewith.

1'1. A calculating machine comprising a4 series of number wheels, avshaft adjacent said wheels, means connected to turn said j shaftproportionately to the amounts of numbers to be indicated, a holder, anintermediate driving' connection carried by said holder adapt-ed to'beinterposed in,engage. ment with saidy shaft and one of the-numberwheels, anda carrying connection mounted on said vholder adapted to beengaged with' said number wheel and the nextl adjacent number wheel oflower'order', said holder and connections being constructedand rela#`tively arranged so that, when the holder is actuated to bring one ofsaid connections into engagement with a number wheel, the otherconnection is moved out of engagement 'with t-he wheel.

12. A5' calculating machine comprising'a series of number wheels, ashaft adjacent lsaid wheels, means for turning said shaftproportionately to the amounts of the numbers to be indicated, aholder'carrying an intermediate driving connection adapted to beinterposed in engagement with said shaft and one of the numberwhcels,and a second holder carrying anl intermediate driving connection adaptedto be placed in engagement with said shaft and another number wheel, aconnection carried by said second.`

inemberfarranged to engage said lastnamed number l`wheel and an adjacentnumber wheel, and means for moving said driving connections successivelyinto operative position.

13. A calculating machine comprising a series off niimber wheels, ashaft adjacent said wheels, means for turning Said shaft proportionatelyto the amounts of the numbers to be indicated, a holder carrying anintermediate driving connection adapted to be interposed in engagementwith said shaft and one of the number wheels, and a second holdercarrying an intermediate driving conf' nection adapted to befplac'ed inengagement iio.

with said shaft and another number wheel,

a connection cairiedby said second member arrangedto engage saidlast-named number wheel and an adjacent number wheel, yielding meanstending to hold said driving conncctions out of operative position, andmeans for moving said driving connections successively into operativeposition.

14. ln a calculating machine, a plurality of dislrsbcaringeach a seriesof numbers and each having a toothed portion, a shaft having a pluralityof gears, holders movably mounted adjacent the number-bearing disks, apinion pivoted to each of Said holders, each pinion being in mesh withone of said gears and adapted to engage the toothed portion of one of'said disks, and connectors carried izoI ` by said holders and arrangedeach to engage ythe toothed portion ofone of said disks and adapted tobe brought in mesh therewith, connectors carried by said holders andarranged each to engage portions of two adjacent disks, springs tending'to hold said pinions out of, and said connectors in, engagement withsaid disks, and mechanism for moving the pinions and connectors inopposition to the springs.

16. In a calculating machine, a plurality of disks bearing each a seriesof numbers and each having a toothed portion, a shaft having a pluralityof gears, holders movably mounted adjacent the number-bearing disks, apinion pivoted to each of said holders each pinion being inthe sameplane with one of said gears and the toothed portion of one of saiddisks and adapted to be brought in mesh therewith,` connectors carriedby said holders and arranged each to engage portions of two adjacentdisks, means engaged with said holders tending to hold them in positionwith said pinions out of, and said connectors in, engagement, andmechanism for moving the piiiions and connectors in opposition to saidholding means.

17. In a calculating machine, a plurality o f disks bearing each aseries of numbers and each having a toothed portion, a shaft having aplurality of gears, holders pivotally mounted on said shaft, each ofsaid holders carrying a pinion in the same plane with one of said gearsand the toothed portion of one of said disks and mounted for movement tobring the pinion into meshing engagement therewith, yielding meanstending to retain said holders with their pinions disconnected from/saiddisks, and mechanism for moving tlie'liolders to bring the pinions intoengagement with the disks.

' 18. -In a calculating machine,a plurality of from one to the other.yielding means tending to retain said holders with their pinionsdisconnected from said disks and the carrying wheels engaged therewith,and mechanisrn for moving the holders to bring the pinions intoengagement with the disks and to move the carrying wheels out ofengagement therewith.

19. In combination with'the carriage of a typewriting machine, acalculating attachment for typewriting machines comprising a pluralityof number-bearing disks, a shaft, a plurality of intermediate drivingconnections movable independently into and out-of operative engagementwith the shaft and disks, and mechanism adapted to be operated by thetypewriter carriage for y placing said several connections successivelyin such operative engagement.

Q0. In combination with the carriage of a typewriting machine, acalculating attachment for typewriting machines comprising a pluralityof number-bearing disks, a shaft, a plurality of intermediate drivingconnections movable independently into and out of operative engagementwith the shaft and disks, and mechanism adapted to be opervated by thetypewriter carriage for placing vsaid, several connections successivelyin such cperative engagement, said mechanism being tormed and arrangedto permit movement of the carriage between successive. actuations ofsaid intermediate connections without actuating the same.

21. In a calculating apparatus, a plurality of number-bearing disks,mechanism for turning said disks, `said mechanism including drivingconnections adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with theseveral disks, a cam shaft, and cams mounted thereon and arranged toenga-ge and move said connections successively intoengagement with saiddis ts.

22. In a calculating apparatus, a plurality of number-bearing disks, adriving shaftconnected for actuation by amounts proportionate to thenumbers to be calculated, a plurality of connections equal in number 'tothe disks arranged for movement to complete fand interrupt an' operativedriving connection between the disks and shaft, a cam shaft, and camsmounted thereon, there being one cam arranged to engage each one of saidconnections to move the same into operative engagement.

23. In a calculating apparatus, a plurality of number-bearing disks, adriving shaft connected for actuation by amounts proportionate to thenumbers to be calculated, a plurality of connections equal in number tothe disks arranged for movement to couiplete and interrupt an operativedriving connection between the disks and shaft` a cam shaft, and camsmounted with capabilities of angular adjustment thereon, there being onecam arranged to engage each one of said connections to move the sameinto operative engagement.

24. In a calculating attachment for a typewriting machine having acarriage. al

any

plurality of number-bearing disks, a driving vshaft connected foractuation by amountsproportionate to the numbers to be calculated, aplurality of connections equal in number to the disks arranged formovementito complete and interrupt an operative driving connectionbetween the disks and shaft, a cam shaft, cams mounted thereon, therebeingone cam arranged to engage each one of said connections to move thesame into operative engagement, and means adapted to. be carried by thecarriage of the typewriting machine to connect 'with and rotate saidshaft on movement of said carriage.

25. In a calculating attachment .adapted for connection with atypewriting machine having a carriage, a plurality of numberbearingdisks, a driving shaft connected for actuation by amounts proportionateto the numbers to be calculated, a plurality of connections equal innumber to the disks ar- -ranged for movement to complete and interruptan operative connectionbetween the disks and shaft, a ,cam shaft, camsmounted thereon, there being one cam arranged to enga-ge each one ofsaidconnections to move the same into operative engagement, gearing inengagement with said shaft, and va toothed member adapted to be carriedby the carriage of the typewriting machine to mesh with and operate saidgearing.

26. In 'combination with a typewriting machine and thecarriage thereof,a calculating attachment comprising a plurality of 4number-bearingdisks, a' driving shaft connected for actuation by amounts proportionalto the numbers to be calculated, a plurality of connections equal innumber to the disks arranged to be moved into and out of operativeengagement with the disks and shaft, a cam shaft, cams mounted thereon,there being one cam arranged to engage each one of said connections tomove the same into operative engagement, gearing in engagement with saidshaft, and a toothed member co nected to and moved by said carriage andvadjustably mounted' to mesh with and operate said gearing.

27. A calculating machine comprisinga plurality ,of manually-operatedmembers, each adapted to be actuated tocause indication of 'a differentnumber, a shaft, driving means for said shaft including an independentactuator controlled by the manually-operated members and a driving and acoperating following member for each number to be indicated, all of saiddriving members being arranged for a uniform amount of travel and saidfollowing members being of different proportions, whereby varyingamounts of motion corresponding to the values'of the several numbers aregiven them, ,and number-bearing index elements operated by saidfollowing members.

eeasoi 28. A calculating machine comprising a plurality ofmanually-operated members, each adapted to be actuated to causeindication of a different number, a shaft, driving means for said shaftindependently actuated under the control of the manually-operatedmembers and including a driving and a cooperating following member foreach number to be indicated, all of said driving members being arrangedrfor a uniform amount of rotary motion and said several driving andfollowing members being of different proportions, p whereby varyingamounts of rotary motion corresponding them, and number-bearing indexelements operated by said following members.

'29. A calculating apparatus comprising number-bearing disks, manuallycontrolled mechanism for causing indication of the numbers to becalculated, and mechanism arranged to turn said number disksindependently actuated under the control of said manually-controlledmembers, said 'mechanism including drivers having allthe same amount oftravel and being of different proportionsfor turning the disks variableamounts according to the numbers indicated'by said manually-operatedmembers.

30. Acalculating apparatus comprising a plurality of' manually-operatedmembers,

each adapted to beoperated to cause the indication of a differentnumber, a shaft, driving means for said' shaft independently actuatedunder'the cont-rol of the manuallyoperated members andl includingmembers all havingl the same amount of angular movement and -of dierentproportions for causing rotation of' said shaft through amountsproportionate to the numbers indicated by said respectivemanually-controlled members, number disks, and movable connectionsadapted to be interposed between said shaft and each of said numberwheels independently.

31. In a calculating apparatus comprising a plurality of' members eachadapted to be manually operated to cause theindication to the values ofthe several numbers are given 'zoV loro

of a different number, a shaft, and a plurality of intermediate drivingmembers inl' dependently actuated each under the control of one of saidmanually-operated members to move said shaft, said driving members allhaving a uniform amount of travel, and being of varying Aradiiconstructed so that each may roduce an amount of motion in said sha tproportional to the number of its particular manually-,controlledoperating member.

32. In -a calculating apparatus, a plurality of members each adapted tobe manually operated to cause the indication of a dierent number, ashaft, a plurality of intermediate driving members for moving saidshaft, and contmuously-movig members each under the control of one ofsaid manually-operated members and arranged to be moved thereby into andout of operative connection with one of said intermediate drivingmembers for operating the same and thereby the shaft, the severalintermediate members being proportioned to drive the shaft throughvarying distances.

38. In a calculating apparatus comprising a plurality of members eachadapted to be manually. operated to cause the indication of a differentnumber, a shaft, a plurality of intermediate driving members,continuously-moving devices controlled by the manually-operated membersfor actuating the driving members to move said shaft, said drivingmembers all being arranged to move through the same angle and being ofvarying radii constructed so that each may produce an amount of motionin said shaft proportional to the number of its particularmanually-controlled operating member, and locking means operated by eachof said intermediate driving members to engage said shaft and arrestmovement thereof at the end of the bers.

34. 4In Aa. calculating apparatus, a plurality of members each adaptedto be manually operated to cause the indication of a different number',a shaft, a plurality of intermediate driving members for moving saidshaft, continuously-moving members each under the control of one of saidmanuallyoperated members and arranged to be moved thereby into and outof operative connection with one of said intermediate driving membersfor operating the same and thereby the shaft, the several intermediatemembers being proportioned to drive the shaft through varying distances,and locking mea ns operated by each of said intermediate driving membersto engage said shaft and arrest movement thereof at the end of themovements of the driving members.

35. In a calculating apparatus, nine members each adapted to be manuallyoperated to cause the indication of a different number, the numbersrunning from one -to nine, a shaft, a plurality of intermediate drivingmembers for moving said shaft, and continuously-moving members eachunder the control of one of said manually-operated members and arrangedto be moved thereby into and out of operative connection with one ofsaid intermediate driving members for operating the same and thereby theshaft, the several intermediate members being proportioned to drive theshaft through varying distances according to the numbers indicated. bythe manually-operated members.

86. In a calculating machine, members cach adapted to be manuallyoperated to movements of the driving memcause the indication andcalculation of a separate number, the numbers ruiming from one to nineJa shaft, gear segments connected to rotate said shaft in one direction,said segment-s being of varying radii and equal in number to theaforesaid members, intermeshing-gear segments mounted adjacent saidfirst segments and varying' inversely in radius, and mechanismcontrolled by the manually-operated members for separately driving saidlast-named segments.

37. In a calculating machine, members each adapted to be manuallyoperated to cause the indication and calculation of a separate number,the numbers running from one to nine, a. shaft, intermediate drivingmembers equal in number to the manuallyoperated Vmembers connected toturn said shaft in one direction, continuously-driven means normally outof engagement with said intermediate members and adapted to be movedinto operative connection therewith by the manually-operated members toactuate the intermediate members and thereby the shaft, the intermediatemembers inchidinggear trains of varyingr values proportioned to thenumbers indicated by the respective manually-operated members throughwhich their operation is controlled, whereby the shaft may be turnedproportionately to the value of the number indicated by any one of therespective manuallyoperated members.

38. In a calculating apparatus, a shaft,

driving" means therefor including independent gear trams of varyingvalues, a continuously-moving shiftableimember located adjacent each ofsaid driving means, and a plurality of manually-operated members, eachhaving a connection with one of said continuously-moving members forshifting the same into operative engagement With the respective adjacentshaft-driving means, the manually-operated members being arranged to bemoved an invariable amount for registering different numbers, and saidgear trains being proportioned to cause varying amounts of motion insaid shaft corresponding to the numbers represented by the severalmanually-operated members.

39. In a calculating apparatus, a shaft, driving means thereforincluding independent gear trains of varying values, acontinuously-moving shiftable member located adjacent each of saiddrivingmcans, a plurality of manually-operated members, each having aconnection With one of said continuously-moving members for shift-ingthe same into operative Aengagement with the respective adjacentshaft-driving members and each of said connections including anarresting device Iarranged to engage and -hold a portion of theshaft-driving means engaged by its respective continuously-movwith oneof the segments, the said lever arms being of lengths varying inverselyto the lengths of the segments, a plurality of manually-operated membersadapted to be actuated by an invariable amount to cause the registrationof different numbers, and mechanism controlled by said manually-operatedmembers for moving said levers equal amounts to cause variable amountsof rotation of said first shaft.

41. In a calculating apparatus, Ia shaft, toothed segments of varyinglengths loosely mounted thereon, a one-wayactmg driving connectionbetween each of said segments and the shaft, a second shaft parallel tothe first shaft, levers loosely mounted thereon, each lever having atoothed rarm engaged with one of the segments, the said lever arms'ybeing of lengths varying inverselyto the lengths of the segments, aplurality of manu ally-operated members adapted to be actuated by aninvariable amount to cause the registration of different numbers,mechanism controlled by said manually-operated members for moving saidlevers equal amounts to cause variable amounts of rotation of said firstshaft, a ratchet mounted on said first shaft, a pawl mounted adjacent'the ratchet, a plurality of arms connected to said pawl, -and meansconnected to each of said segments arranged to engage one of saidpawl-connected arms at the conclusion of the driving movements of therespective segments to lock the pawl with said ratchet. 42. lIn acalculating apparatus, a shaft, toothed segments of varyinglengthsloosely .mounted thereon, a one-way acting driving connection betweeneach ofsaid segments and the shaft, a second shaft parallel tothe firstshaft, levers loosely mountedy thereon, each lever having .a toothed armengaged with one of the segments, the said lever arms being of lengthsvarying inversely to the radial lengths of the segments, a plurality ofmanually-operated members. adapted to be actuated by an invariableamount to cause the registration of different numbers, mechanismcontrolled by said manually-operated members for moving said leversequal amounts to cause variable amounts of rotation of said rst shaft, aratchet mounted on said first shaft, a pawl mounted adjacent theratchet, a plurality of arms connected to said pawl, means connected toeach of said segments arranged to engage one of said for disengaging thelinks pawl-connected arms at the conclusion ofv the driving movements ofthe respective segments to lock the pawl with said ratchet, and meansconnected to said first shaft to resist reverse movement thereof.

48. In a calculating apparatus, a continuously-rotatable shaft, diskshaving a rotatable and longitudinally-slidable engagement therewith,pivoted levers, one being adjacent each disk, pins projecting from thedisks toward the respective levers and normally out of engagementtherewith, laterally-movable members engaged with said disks, a stop anda lockingpdevice carried by-each of said members, a plurality ofmanually-operated members each connected to one of saidlaterally-movable members and constructed to shift the same laterallywhen operated and thereby move the stop and locking device carriedthereby and one of the disks and its pins into position to engageportions of one of said levers.'

l v44. In a calculating machine, a plurality of levers adapted to bemanually operated for causing the indication of different numbers,laterally-inclined cam members connected to said levers,laterally-movable drivin@ means en a ed with said cani members b 5 and4calculating mechanism adjacent said driving means and normally out ofconnection therewith, said driving means being arand carriage shiftmechanism of a typewriting machine, a calculating attachment fortypewriting machines comprising calculat-v ing mechanism, links adapt-edto be oper# atively connected to said number keys and detachably engagedwith portions of the cal-v culating mechanism, and means adapted to beconnected to the shift mechanism of the typewriting machine and o eratedthereby rom the calculating mechanism.

46.111 combination with the numberl ber keys and at its other end anotch adapted to engage said laterally-extendingportion of one of saidcontrollin levers, and adisengaging device lfor said links comprising abar extending under the links, and a holderl therefor movable to raisethe bar so as to engage the links and lift their notched ends out ofconnection with the levers.

47. In vcombination with the number keys, carriage, and carriage-shiftmechan extending engaging portion, a Yplurality of lwhich said Wheelsare'freely mounted,

ism of a typewriting machine, a calculating attachment for typewritingma- 'chines comprising calculating mechanism having controlling levers,each'of said controlling leve'rs provided With a laterallylinkseachhaving at one end an operative connection adaptedto be engaged withone of the number keys and ,at its other end a notch adapted to engagesaid laterally-- extending portion of one of said controlling levers, adisengaging. device for said links arranged to engage the links and'lifttheir notched ends out of connection with the levers, and anoperating connection for said device adapted to-'be engaged withihecarriage shift mechanism.

48. A calculating machine having a pluralityof number-bearing wheels, ashaft on which said "Wheels are freely mounted, means for carrying fromone wheel to another, means for actuating each of the wheelsindependently and means for rotating said shaft in the same 'directionas that of a wheel whenever a wheel is actuated.

v- 49. A calculating machine having a plurality of number-bearingwheels, a shaft on means for carryin from one wheel to another, andmeans orrotating said shaft in the same direction as, and at a higherspeed than, the direction of movement of any number Wheel when thelatter is actuated.

50. In a calculating apparatus, a train of movable computing indicatorsincluding means for carryingfrom one to another, said carrying meansbeing movable to and from carrying position, and actuators for saidindicators movable Simultaneously with said carrying means from and -toactuating li position. l

5l. In a calculating apparatus, a train of movable computing indicatorsincluding means for 'carrying from o e to another,

and an individual actuator for each indi- .j l' 'Caton-said carryingvmeans and indicators being relatively movableto and from carryTd ingposition, and said actuators and indica'tors relatively movablesimultaneously therewith from and toward actuating .position, wherebythe carrying connections be.- tween the indicators may be broken whenthe actuating connection with one of them is made.

52. In a calculating apparatus, a train of movable computing indicatorsincluding combined carrying devices and locks between said indicators,separate actuatorsl for the several indicators and means whereby theconnection between the actuators may be made and at the saine time-thathetween the indicators and combined carrying devices and locks may bebroken.

In a calculating apparatus, a plurality of members, each actuablemanually to cause indication of numbers va shaft, a plurality ofintermediate driving connections for moving said shaft distancesproportionalV to the numbers to be calculated, and drivers adjacent, butout ot' contact with the driving connections there being one driver foreach of said connections, one of 'said connections being brought intorelation for actuation by one of the drivers whenever a manual member isactuated.

In testimony whereof signature, in presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD H. PALMER. 'Vitnesses:

C. F. BROWN, f A. C. RATIGAN.

